If any one hands over his garden to a gardener to work, the gardener shall pay to its owner two-thirds of the produce of the garden, for so long as he has it in possession, and the other third shall he keep. If a man wish to separate from a woman who has borne him children, then he shall give that wife her dowry, and a part of the field, garden, and property, so that she can rear her children.
When she has brought up her children, a portion of all that is given to the children, equal as that of one son, shall be given to her. She may then marry the man of her heart. If a man wishes to separate from his wife who has borne him no children, he shall give her the amount of her purchase money and the dowry which she brought from her father's house, and let her go.
If a son strikes his father, his hands shall be hewn off. If a man puts out the eye of another man, his eye shall be put out. An eye for an eye. If he breaks another man's bone, his bone shall be broken. If a man knocks out the teeth of his equal, his teeth shall be knocked out A tooth for a tooth. If a man strikes a freeborn woman so that she loses her unborn child, he shall pay ten shekels for her loss.
If the woman dies, his daughter shall be put to death. If a builder builds a house for some one, and does not construct it properly, and the house, which he built, falls in and kills its owner, then that builder shall be put to death.
If it kills the son of the owner the son of that builder shall be put to death. Basically, it was not a good idea to damage to another in ancient Babylon.
Free Powerpoints about Hammurabi. What does it take for a group of people to become a civilization? The importance of geography in Ancient Mesopotamia. He could be merciless to enemies, destroying cities that defied him. But he also provided unity and stability to his empire by compiling a code of laws, or legal precedents, that applied to all of his subjects.
Inscribed in stone on a monument showing Hammurabi being blessed by the sun god Shamash, the code governed domestic disputes as well as crimes committed outside the home. The code certainly favored people of wealth and rank, who were required only to pay a fine if they injured commoners. The code also favored men over women. Adultery by a husband might go unpunished, but an unfaithful wife would be executed. Despite such inequities, the laws promulgated by Hammurabi offered some protection to women, commoners, and slaves.
For example, wives abused by their husbands could sue for divorce, and all defendants were somewhat shielded from false testimony by a law prescribing the death penalty for witnesses who committed perjury.
Setting laws down in writing discouraged judges from ruling arbitrarily and promoted the idea of justice as universal and enduring. There were no rules restraining kings or emperors from attacking one another, even when they had formed alliances and pledged eternal friendship.
For instance, Hammurabi turned against his long-time ally the king of Mari, the ruler of a flourishing city on the upper Euphrates River. In strife-torn Mesopotamia, such curses were often fulfilled. But his code of laws set a vital and enduring precedent. Rulers down through Napoleon Bonaparte issued their own codes to unite realms that contained people of many different customs and conceptions of justice—and to discourage them from taking the law into their own hands.
All rights reserved. Share Tweet Email. He used this approach in BC when he made deals with other city-states to prevent them launching an attack on Babylon. This allowed Hammurabi to defeat a tribe called the Larsans and move east. He brought Sumer under his control before moving north to conquer the Mari. This meant that the Babylonian Empire now had better access to trade routes in Mesopotamia. The king set up an efficient system of taxation to pay for his building projects, he encouraged trade in the region, and science and culture flourished.
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